πτήσσω

πτήσσω
πτήσσω
Grammatical information: v.
Meaning: `to duck (for fright)'; aor. 1. rarely trans. `to frighten, to drive away' ([Ξ 40], Thgn.), (ΙΑ.; Schwyzer 716).
Other forms: also πτώσσω (ep. poet. Il.), Aeol. πτάζω (Alc.?), fut. πτήξω (Att.), aor. 1. πτῆξαι (Il.), Dor. πτᾶξαι (Pi. a.o.), aor. 2. ptc. κατα-πτᾰκών (A. Eu. 252), perf. ἔπτηχα (Att. etc.), ἔπτηκα (LXX [v. l. -χα], late); also ep. forms ptc. perf. πεπτηώς (Β 312, ξ 354 a.o.), aor. 3. du. κατα-πτήτην (Θ 136).
Compounds: Also w. prefix, esp. κατα- and ὑπο-.
Derivatives: πτῆξις f. `fright' (LXX) and the expressive enlargement πτωσκάζω `to duck, to have fear' (Δ 372) after the close ἀλυσκάζω (: ἀλύσκω, ἀλύσσω), ἠλασκάζω; perh. from *πτώσκω; the v. l. πτωκάζω after πτώξ. Cf. Schwyzer 708, Chantraine Rev. de phil. 57, 125, Gramm. hom. 1, 338.
Origin: IE [Indo-European](X) [825] *pteh₂-k- `duck (away), shy'
Etymology: The presents πτήσσω (with πτῆξαι etc.), πτώσσω go back on *πτᾱκ-ι̯ω, *πτωκ-ι̯ω (\< *ptoh₂k-; Aeol. πτάζω is an innovation; Schwyzer 715); to this the zero grade πτᾰκ-ών. In nominal function we find these stems in πτώξ and (acc.) πτάκ-α; s. vv., also πτωχός. The formantic character of the velar appears from ep. πε-πτη-ώς, κατα-πτή-την, which form at the same time a bridge to πέ-πτω-κα, πτῶ-σις (s. πίπτω) and to πτᾰ́-σθαι (s. πέτομαι). Semant. this combination ('fall, sink down' \> `squat') seems not to provide a serious difficulty (diff. Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 428). A further cognate is πτοέω, s. v. -- If the comparison with Arm. t`ak`-čim, t`ak`-eay `hide oneself' (Pedersen KZ 39, 342 f. w. n.) is correct, the velar enlargement is inherited. On Arm. s. Clackson 1994, 169f. -- WP. 2, 19f., Pok. 825; older lit. in Bq. -- So an IE *pteh₂-k-, with *ptoh₂-k-, is perhaps not impossible; but Hackstein (Glotta 70, 1992) 136-165 rejects a root of this shape, and it is indeed remarkable. Note futher πτωχός and πτοέω, which are also rather strange. Photius gives πτεκάς πτάξ.
Page in Frisk: 2,613-614

Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό). . 2010.

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  • πτήσσω — scare pres subj act 1st sg πτήσσω scare pres ind act 1st sg …   Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)

  • πτήσσω — και αιολ. τ. πτάζω Α 1. εμβάλλω φόβο σε κάποιον, φοβίζω κάποιον («πτῆξε δὲ θυμὸν ἐνὶ στήθεσσιν Ἀχαιῶν», Ομ. Ιλ.) 2. καθιστώ κάτι φοβερό («ζυγὸν πτῆξαι», Παύλ. Σιλ.) 3. (αμτβ.) ζαρώνω, μαζεύομαι από φόβο (α. «πτῆξε δὲ ποικίλα φῡλά τε θηρῶν»,… …   Dictionary of Greek

  • πτᾶσσον — πτήσσω scare pres part act masc voc sg (doric) πτήσσω scare pres part act neut nom/voc/acc sg (doric) πτήσσω scare imperf ind act 3rd pl (doric) πτήσσω scare imperf ind act 1st sg (doric) …   Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)

  • πτήξει — πτήσσω scare aor subj act 3rd sg (epic) πτήσσω scare fut ind mid 2nd sg πτήσσω scare fut ind act 3rd sg πτῆξις terror fem nom/voc/acc dual (attic epic) πτήξεϊ , πτῆξις terror fem dat sg (epic) πτῆξις terror fem dat sg (attic ionic) …   Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)

  • πτήξουσι — πτήσσω scare aor subj act 3rd pl (epic) πτήσσω scare fut part act masc/neut dat pl (attic epic doric ionic) πτήσσω scare fut ind act 3rd pl (attic epic doric ionic) …   Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)

  • πτήξουσιν — πτήσσω scare aor subj act 3rd pl (epic) πτήσσω scare fut part act masc/neut dat pl (attic epic doric ionic) πτήσσω scare fut ind act 3rd pl (attic epic doric ionic) …   Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)

  • πτήξω — πτήσσω scare aor subj act 1st sg πτήσσω scare fut ind act 1st sg πτήσσω scare aor ind mid 2nd sg (homeric ionic) …   Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)

  • πτήξῃ — πτήσσω scare aor subj mid 2nd sg πτήσσω scare aor subj act 3rd sg πτήσσω scare fut ind mid 2nd sg πτήξηι , πτῆξις terror fem dat sg (epic) …   Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)

  • πτήσσετε — πτήσσω scare pres imperat act 2nd pl πτήσσω scare pres ind act 2nd pl πτήσσω scare imperf ind act 2nd pl (homeric ionic) …   Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)

  • πτηξάντων — πτήσσω scare aor part act masc/neut gen pl πτήσσω scare aor imperat act 3rd pl …   Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)

  • πτῆξαι — πτήσσω scare aor imperat mid 2nd sg πτήσσω scare aor inf act …   Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)

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